In cells, where does the oxygen gas we breathe in get consumed?

In which biochemical process is the oxygen gas you breathe in used?

Each bronchi leads off from the trachea and into the lungs. They then branch onward inside the lungs directing air towards the air sacs deep inside lung tissue. What are these small air sacs called?

Inside the alveoli, we find a soap-like substance called surfactant. This is produced by type II cells. What function does surfactant have?

Just like the heart’s pericardium, the lungs are also located within a cavity defined by a double membrane. What is this called?

If the pleural cavity gets pierced, we say that the lung punctures and collapses (that the lungs contract down and lose their respiratory function). Why does the lung collapse?

How is oxygen transported in the blood?

Where in the central nervous system is the control center for respiration?

Which factor(s) affect our breathing rate and breathing depth?